三 动词过去式

　　动词的过去式的构成规则有:

　　A,规则动词

　　① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited

　　② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used

　　③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)

　　④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped

　　B,不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was ,

　　are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost , find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt

　　四 动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则:

　　① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

　　② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing

　　③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting

　　五 小学英语人称代词主格及宾格

　　人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格和宾格区别：主格和宾格汉语意思相同，但位置不同。

　　Eg:I(主格)"我"-- me (宾格)"我"

　　主格在陈述句中通常放句首，宾格通常放在动词后或介词后，也就是说宾格，不放在句首。

　　Eg :I have a new car.( I 主格)

　　Excuse me (me 宾格)

　　I ask him to go (him 宾格)

　　They sit in front of me (me 宾格)

　　主格(8个)：I 我you你 he他 she她 it它 we 我们you 你们they他(她、它)们

　　宾格(8个)：me我 you你 him 他her她 it它 us我们 you你们 them他(她、它)们

　　六 句型专项归类

　　1.肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,

　　如:I'm a student.

　　She is a doctor.

　　He works in a hospital.

　　There are four fans in our classroom.

　　2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,

　　如:I'm not a student.

　　He does not (doesn't) work in a hospital.

　　There are not (aren't) four fans in our classroom.

　　注意:

　　否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 "not".有动词be的句子则"not"加在be后面,可缩写成"isn't,aren't",但am not 一般都分开写.没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上"not",你也可以把它们缩写在一起如"don't , doesn't , didn't ).这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"does"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而"did"只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用"did" .