小升初复习资料英语语法之介词(2)
(4)near ,by
①near:近的,不远的(=not far)是的反义词,near还可以指时间,in the near future在不远的将来。
green's lake was a small lake near his home .格林湖是他家附近的一个小湖。
②by:在……旁边,比的距离要近
juliana walked by the side of the river for six more long days .
朱莉安娜沿着河岸又走了足足6天。
(5)between ,among ,around
①between:在两者之间
the differences between american english and british english are not very great .美国英语和英国英语之间的差别不是很大。
②among:在三者或者更多的之中
there are some american students among us .在我们中间有几个美国学校。
③around:环绕,在…..的周围,在……的四周
they arrived at a valley with high mountains all around it .
他们到达了四周有高山环绕的山谷
(6)in front of ,behind
①in front of :在……的前面
there is a car in front of the house .房子前面有一辆小汽车。
②behind :在…..后边
are there any cows behind the house ?房子后面有一些牛吗?
(7)in ,into ,out of
①in:在…..之内,用于表示静止的位置
there are four girls in the room.房间里有4个女孩。
②into:进入,用于表示有特定终点的运动方向,通常用于表示动作的动作之后。如:come ,go ,walk ,jump ,run..
she took me from the hall into my classroom .她把我从门厅带进我的教室里边去。
(8)along ,across ,through
①along:沿着
go along zhongshan road and turn right at the second crossing .
沿着中山路走然后在第二个十这路口向右拐。
②across:横过(平面物体)
very slowly,the continents are moving across the face of the world .
各个洲在地球表面缓缓漂移。
③through:贯通,通过
the students walked through the gate with uncle wang .
学生们随着王叔叔通过大门。
(9)to ,for ,from
①到达……地点(目的地)或方向
where's jack? he has gone to london.杰克上哪了?他去伦敦了。
②for:表示目的,为了……
do you know what he comes here for ? 你知道他为什么来这儿吗?
③from:从……地点起
how far is it from london to new york? 从伦敦到纽约有多远?
3、表示手段和材料的介词用
(1)with
①和……在一起
these plates keep moving ,like great ships ,carrying the continents with them .
这些板块载着各个大陆,像航船一样不断地漂移。
②具有,带有
a person with good manners is always kind and polite.
有礼貌的人总是和和气气,彬彬有礼的。
③用某种工具或方法
he could swim with some special swimming shoes.
穿着一些特制的游泳鞋,他能游泳。
(2)in:表示用什么材料(例如:墨水,铅笔等)或用什么语言。表示衣着,声调特点时,不用with而用in。
what's this in english. 这个用英语怎么说?
(3)by:通过……方法,手段
what do you mean by the word"island"? "island"是什么意思
i prefer traveling by train .我更喜欢乘火车旅行。
4、其他
(1) of , from
①of 属于)……的,表示…..的数量或种类
it was beginning of the term .这是学期开始的时候。
②from:来自(某地,某人),以….起始
she is a lady from canada .她是一位加拿大的女士。
(2)without ,like ,as
①without :没有,是with的反义词
she often worked for twenty-four without rest .她通常工作24小时而不休息。
②like:像……一样
like many children of her age ,ding fang is a young pioneer .
像很多同龄的孩子一样同,丁芳是个少先队员。
③as:作为
they are carrying us as passengers.它们把我们当作乘客运载着。
(3)against:反对。靠着
everyone tried to fight against the locusts .所有的人奋力扑打蝗虫。
(4) about:
① 关于,各处,四周
nightingale wrote a book about nursing .南丁格尔写了一部关于护理方面的书。
② 询问某人,某物的情况或提出建议
what about your family ? 你家里人怎么样?