语法及练习5 现在进行时

　　现在进行时

　　1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

　　2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.

　　3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

　　4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

　　5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?

　　但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?

　　动词加ing的变化规则

　　1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

　　2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

　　3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping

　　现在进行时专项练习：

　　一、写出下列动词的现在分词：

　　play________  run__________  swim _________ make__________ go_________

　　like________  write________   ski___________  read________  have_________

　　sing ________ dance_________  put_________   see________    buy _________

　　love_________ live_______     take_________   come ________  get_________

　　stop_________ sit ________     begin________   shop___________

　　二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

　　1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

　　2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .

　　3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

　　4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

　　5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

　　6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.

　　7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .

　　8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.

　　9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

　　三、句型转换：

　　1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

　　2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________

　　3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________

　　4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________

　　语法及练习6 将来时

　　将来时

　　一、概念：

　　表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。

　　二、基本结构：①be going to + do； ②will+ do.

　　三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。

　　例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。

　　例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?

　　五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。

　　1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.

　　2. 问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.

　　3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed? 六、同义句：be going to = will

　　I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.

　　练习：填空。

　　1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

　　I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.

　　I ________ have a picnic with my friends.

　　2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

　　What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?

　　I _______ ______ _____ play basketball. What _________ you do next Monday?

　　I ________ play basketball.

　　3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。

　　_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.

　　4. 你们打算什么时候见面。

　　What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?

　　改句子。

　　5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）

　　Nancy ________ going to go camping.

　　6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）

　　I _______ go ______ join them.

　　7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）

　　________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

　　8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）

　　_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.

　　9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）

　　________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?

　　10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.

　　用所给词的适当形式填空。

　　11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.

　　12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.

　　13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.

　　14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually ________ (watch) TV and ________(catch) insects?

　　15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.

　　16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm.

　　What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.

　　17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.

　　18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.

　　19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.

　　20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now.

　　语法及练习7 一般过去时

　　一般过去时

　　1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。

　　2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

　　⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）

　　⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）

　　⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

　　3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

　　否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.

　　一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?

　　⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?

　　动词过去式变化规则：

　　1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

　　2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

　　3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

　　4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied

　　5．不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat

　　过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式

　　isam_________  fly_______  plant________  are ________  drink_________

　　play_______    go________  make ________ does_________  dance________

　　worry________  ask _____   taste_________  eat__________ draw________

　　put ______    throw________ kick_________  pass_______   do ________

　　Be动词的过去时练习

　　一、用be动词的适当形式填空。

　　1. I ______ an English teacher now.

　　2. She _______ happy yesterday.

　　3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.

　　4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.

　　5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.

　　6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.

　　7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.

　　8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.

　　二、句型转换。

　　1. There was a car in front of the house just now.

　　否定句：________________________________________________

　　一般疑问句：____________________________________________

　　肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

　　三、 中译英。

　　1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。 ___________________________________________________________

　　2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 ___________________________________________________________

　　3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。 ___________________________________________________________

　　行为动词的过去时练习

　　一、用be动词的适当形式填空。

　　1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.

　　2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.

　　3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)

　　4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?

　　5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.

　　6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.

　　7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.

　　8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.

　　二、句型转换。

　　1. They played football in the playground.

　　否定句：________________________________________________

　　一般疑问句：____________________________________________

　　肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

　　三、中译英。

　　1. 格林先生去年住在中国。 ________________________________________________________

　　2. 昨天我们参观了农场。 ________________________________________________________

　　3. 他刚才在找他的手机。 ________________________________________________________

　　过去时综合练习（1）

　　一、 用动词的适当形式填空。

　　1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.

　　2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.

　　3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.

　　4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.

　　5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)

　　6. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)

　　7. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.

　　8. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.

　　9. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.

　　10. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.

　　二、 中译英。

　　1. 我们上周五看了一部电影。 _________________________________________________________

　　2. 他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。 _________________________________________________________

　　3. 你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。 _________________________________________________________

　　4. 你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。 _________________________________________________________

　　过去时综合练习

　　一、用动词的适当形式填空。

　　1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.

　　2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.

　　3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)

　　4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do)

　　5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.

　　6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)

　　7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water)

　　8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.

　　9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.

　　10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk)

　　二、中译英。

　　1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。 _________________________________________________________

　　2. 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。 _________________________________________________________

　　3. 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。 _________________________________________________________

　　语法及练习8 There be 句型与have, has

　　There be 句型与have, has的区别

　　1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）

　　2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。

　　3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。

　　4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。

　　5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。 6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。

　　7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？

　　8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： What’s + 介词短语？

　　Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”

　　1. I________a good father and a good mother.

　　2. ____________a telescope on the desk.

　　3. He_________a tape-recorder.

　　4. _____________a basketball in the playground.

　　5. She__________some dresses.

　　6. They___________a nice garden.

　　7. What do you___________?

　　8. ______________a reading-room in the building?

　　9. What does Mike___________?

　　10. ______________any books in the bookcase?

　　11. My father_________a story-book.

　　12. _______________a story-book on the table.

　　13. _______________any flowers in the vase?

　　14. How many students____________in the classroom?

　　15. My parents___________some nice pictures.

　　16. _____________some maps on the wall.

　　17. ______________a map of the world on the wall.

　　18. David__________a telescope.

　　19. David’s friends___________some tents.

　　20. ______________many children on the hill.

　　Fill in the blank with “ have, has ”

　　1. I_________ a nice puppet.

　　2. He_________a good friend.

　　3. They__________ some masks.

　　4. We___________some flowers.

　　5. She___________ a duck.

　　6. My father____________ a new bike.

　　7. Her mother___________a vase.

　　8. Our teacher_________ an English book.

　　9. Our teachers___________a basketball.

　　10. Their parents___________some blankets

　　11. Nancy_________many skirts.

　　12. David__________some jackets.

　　13. My friends__________a football.

　　14. What do you__________?

　　15. What does Mike__________?

　　16. What do your friends___________?

　　17. What does Helen___________?

　　18. His brother________a basketball.

　　19. Her sister_________a nice doll.

　　20. Miss Li__________an English book.