小学五年级应掌握的英语基础知识
1. 字母:(大小)辨认、书写顺序;元音字母:Aa , Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu
2. 数字:1~999的基数词和序数词的运用,如计算、购物、时间、日期等。
句型:
①What's your number?
②What's the time?
③How many pens are there?
④How old are you?
⑤How much is it?
⑥How tall are you?
⑦How heavy are you?
⑧What time do you get up?
⑨When's your birthday?
⑩What time did you see him?
3. 颜色:单词:red, pink, yellow, brown, blue, purple, orange, black, white, green。
句型:
①What colour is it?
②What's your favourite colour?
4. 时间:年、季节、月、星期、日、时刻: Season (spring, summer, autumn, winter)
Month: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December. Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday。
Day: 1st May (the first of May), May 2nd (May the second) 句型:见话题2。
5. 食品与饮料:人对食品与饮料的喜好;东西方食品。
句型:
①I like biscuits。
②I'd like a cold drink。
③Would you like some buns?
④Do you want some rice?
⑤This isn't my food。
6. 服装:服装的颜色;人对服装的喜好;某人的穿戴;所属关系;位置等。
句型:
①I like the green T-shirt。
②Where's my new cap?
③Who's shirt is this?
④Is this your hat?
7. 物品:名词的单、复数;特点、颜色、所属关系;
存在的位置:in, on, under, beside, behind, in front of, above, near, inside, outside
玩具:toy car, doll
文具:desk, book, bag, pen, pencil, pencil-box, ruler, pencil sharpener
句型:
①What's this?
②What colour is it?
③Whose is this?
④This is my brother's painting。
⑤I have a puppet。
⑥There's a car near the hospital。
⑦Was it in the wardrobe?
⑧Is there a book on the desk?
⑨That's not mine。
8. 动物和植物:cat, dog, duck, fish, sheep, bird, panda, monkey, rabbit, hen , cock, chick, tiger, lion, pig, cow , mouse (mice), elephant, ladybird, puppy, tree, flower, rose。
9. 建筑与场所:factory, hospital, park, house, library, museum, office, farm, post office, bank, police station, railway station, bookstore, school, classroom, skating rink, cafe, house(bathroom, living-room, sitting-room, bedroom, kitchen), garden。
10. 身体:head, hair, eye, nose, ear, mouth, neck, hand, finger, foot(feet) ,toe. 外貌:fat, thin, tall, short, old, young, two big blue eyes, long hair, short hair, black hair。
句型:
①This is my nose。
②Touch your head。
③Raise your arm。
11. 个人情况:姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好。
句型:
①I'm twelve years old。
②My hobby is reading。
③I like music。
④I'm interested in space。
⑤My name is Peter。
⑥I'm tall and thin。
⑦Do you have any hobbies?
12. 家庭、亲属和朋友:姓名、年龄、地址、职业、特点与爱好、与你的关系
family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad), grandmother(grandma/grand mum), father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend。
句型:
①Who's he? He's my father。
②He's a doctor
③He likes playing games。
④My father helps me。
⑤Is he a soldier?
⑥What's he?
13. 学校:学校建筑和学校生活。school, classroom, library, playground, Chinese, maths , English, music, computer, PE, art, science。
句型:
①When do you go to school?
②What time do you have English?
14. 情绪和身体状态:happy, sad, tired, angry, shy, sorry, well, sick。
句型:
①I'm sick。
②I'm happy。
③We are sorry。
④I feel sad。
15. 社交礼仪:礼貌用语;询问与应答。
句型:
问候
①Hello./ Hi。
②Good morning/afternoon/evening。
③How are you?
④How do you do?
⑤Glad to meet you./ Nice to meet you。
介绍
①My name is…
②I'm a pupil。
③I'm 12.
④This is our teacher, Miss Chen。
⑤He is from Japan。
道别
①Goodbye./Bye。
②See you。
③Good night。
道谢
①Thank you./Thanks。
②You're welcome。
道歉
①Sorry。
②I'm sorry。
③Excuse me。
请求
①Can I have a puppy?
②Can I borrow a pencil?
③Yes, please。
④Of course。
祝愿
①Happy birthday。
②Merry Christmas。
提供帮助
①Can I help you?
②What can I do for you?
③What's the matter?
寻求帮助和建议
①What can I do?
用餐
①Do you want some soup?
②Would you like some rice?
③I'd like a cold drink。
购物
①Which one do you want?
②Can I look at it?
③I want a red one, please。
④It's too expensive。
⑤Have you got enough money?
⑥How much is it?
16. 国家与国庆日:China, Japan, America (the USA), English( the UK), Australia, Russia, Canada, Singapore, India, France。
句型:
①When's your country's National Day?
②I come from China。
17. 天气与气候特征:hot, cold, cool, warm, sun, sunny, rain ,heavy rain, rainy, wind, strong wind, windy, snow , heavy snow, cloud, cloudy。
句型:
①What's the weather like?
②It’s a cold day。
③Spring is warm and nice。
④Tomorrow will be rainy。
⑤I like a sunny day。
18. 节日:节日的特点;节日的活动。New Year's Day, Spring Festival, Children's Day, Mid-autumn Festival, Teachers' Day , National Day, Christmas Day, Dragon Boat Festival。
19. 正在发生的事情:现在进行的动作和发生的事。
句型:
①Are you making a kite?
②Peter is writing。
③What's Anne doing?
④Where are you going?
⑤What are they doing?
⑥Is he running?
20. 日常生活:日常生活、工作、学习的活动。
句型:
①I come to school by bus。
②Your homework is good。
③What time do you get up?
④She always get up early。
21. 计划与打算:计划和将要进行的动作 be going to do …
句型:
①I'm/You're /He's/She's /We're/They're (not) going to swim。
②Are you going to swim?
③Is he/she going to visit Anne?
④What are you going to do?
⑤What is he going to do?
⑥When are they going to swim?
⑦Tomorrow will be rainy。
⑧I'll stay at home。
22. 能力和可能:能做某事或可能进行某事。
句型:
①Can you read and write in English?
②Can I have a puppy?
③What can you do?
④She can run fast。
23. 过去发生的事情或过去的打算:过去式。
句型:
①Where were you?
②Who was first?
③Was it in the wardrobe?
④Benny took my ball。
⑤Where did you go?
⑥What did you do?
⑦I came by plane。
⑧Anne wanted to skate。
24. 对事物的比较:比较级和最高级。
句型:
①My singing is louder than yours。
②I'm taller than you。
③There more shops in Picture One。
④Some stories are more interesting than others。
⑤The most interesting stories。
⑥Who is fatter?
25. 提醒与告示:
①What does that sign mean?
②Draw a cat on the roof。
③Don't put your feet on the seat。
④No speaking。
⑤Do not go in。
26. 擅长和喜欢的事情:
①I'm/ You're/ He's good at drawing。
②I like playing basketball。