2018长春小升初英语必考知识点汇总(2)
5.There be句型
(1)There be 句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某时)”其中there是引导词,没有词义;主 语是be后面的名词, be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构:
There be放句首,主语跟在后。地、时放句末,强调置前头。如:There is a book on the desk.有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如:
On the desk there is a book.
(2)There be 句型中的be动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀:Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“There be”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is 还有are。要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。 如:①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
③There are some pears in the box.
(3) 注意:如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最近 的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。 如:①There is a book and some pens on the floor.②There are some pens and a book on the floor.
6.like一词的用法like用作及物动词,译为“喜欢”
(1)后接名词或代词,表示喜欢某人或某物。如:I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。
(2)后接动名词(v. -ing),表示“喜欢做某事”,着重于习惯、爱好。如:Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜欢踢足球。
(3)后接动词不定式(to do ),表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”,着重于某次具体的行为。如:I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜欢读书,但我今晚想看电视。
7.句子单数变复数,注意以下五要素
(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you,
she,he,it→ they。
如:She is a girl. →They are girls.
(2)am,is要变为are。如:I’m a student. →We are students.
(3)不定冠词a,an要去掉。如:He is a boy. →They are boys.
(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如:It is an apple. →They are apples.
(5)指示代词this,that要变为these,those。如:This is a box. →These
are boxes.